ABSTRACT
Background: The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma involving the oral cavity depends on various factors. The most important predictor of relapse and hence poor prognosis is the positive surgical margin of resected tissue. Therefore, it should be considered a priority while performing surgical resection
Objective: To estimate the frequency of presence of tumor cells on margins of histopathological specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma after safe margin resection and the reoccurrence rate
Period: Two years from January 2015 to December 2017. Setting and design: This quasi experimental study was carried out at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Mayo hospital, Lahore. Methodology: Fifty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of orofacial region requiring safe margin surgical resection were selected. Presence of tumour cells on margins of histopathological specimens was determined. And monthly follow up was done for six months to check the recurrence
Results: Histopathological results of margins of total 50 patient showed that 70% patient had negative margin,26 %patients had close margin and 4% patients had involved margin. Out of these patients 12% had recurrence of the disease
Conclusion: Margins are an important predictor of disease control and its recurrence
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the efficacy of 0.2% brimonidine eye drops on control of intraocular pressure following Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet [Nd: YAG] laser posterior capsulotomy. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in department of Ophthalmology, Combined Military Hospital Peshawar of six months duration from Oct 2013 to Mar 2014
Material and Methods: A total of 182 patients were included in this study. One drop of 0.2% brimonidine one hour prior to laser treatment was instilled in the eyes of patients. Cornea was anaesthetized with topical 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride. "Ocular instruments ® Abraham Capsulotomy YAG contact lens" was used along with Q-switched Zeiss VISULAS YAG III [Nd: YAG] laser system to make a hole of 3-4mm in the posterior capsule using minimum amount of total laser energy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15.0. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for numeric variables like age and intraocular pressure at different occasions. Frequency and percentage was calculated for categoric variable i.e. gender. Efficacy was stratified among age and gender to see effect modifiers
Results: The mean age of participants was 63.3 +/- 7.7 years. Out of 182 patients, 109 [59.9%] were male while remaining 73 patients [40.1%] were female. Brimonidine 0.2% eye drops proved effective in 162 patients [89.0%]. Stratification of age and sex with regard to efficacy of 0.2% brimonidine eye drops was carried out
Conclusion: The use of 0.2% brimonidine has been proven effective to counteract the IOP increase following Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in this study
ABSTRACT
Background: Tongue tumour thickness has been shown to have a correlation with neck nodal metastasis and hence patient survival. Current AJCC guidelines recommend inclusion of tongue tumour thickness measurement in routine radiologic staging. Several studies have attempted to define the accuracy of MRI in measuring tongue tumour thickness. The aim of our study was to compare tongue tumour thickness measured at T2-weighted and STIR sequences with histologic tongue tumour thickness. Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients of tongue cancer who had undergone glossectomy were selected retrospectively. Tumours were measured in both STIR axial and T2- weighted coronal images and compared with histologic tumour thickness on resected specimens. Pearson's analysis was performed to determine the degree of correlation. Paired samples t-test was also used for comparison of mean tumour thicknesses measured on MRI with mean histologic tumour thickness. Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed good correlation of tumour thickness measured on MRI with actual histologic tumour thickness [R=0.876]. Conclusion: MRI provides a satisfactory prediction of tongue tumour thickness which in turn can be used to determine the need for elective neck dissection in these patients. Keywords: Lymphatic Metastasis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Tongue Neoplasms
ABSTRACT
To assess the use of commercial glue [Elfy] for achieving temporary tarsorrhaphy Case series Place and duration of study: Study was conducted at CMH Kharian from January to September 2008. Patients and Method: The various ocular surface disorders which were managed by the temporary tarsorrhaphy with the commercial glue [Elfy] were analyzed. The duration of lid fusion with Elfy and any adverse affects were also noted. Elfy was applied just below the margin of lower eyelid. Then, using a spatula, upper lid was apposed to the lower lid for 1-2 seconds in order to create fusion. If patient required topical treatment, lateral two thirds of the lids were fused and drops instilled through medial one third. In rest of the cases, full length fusion was achieved. In a total of 32 patients Elfy was applied. Eighteen [56%] were males and 14 [44%] were females. Age ranged from six years to seventy five years with mean age of 22.6 years [SD+21.84]. Ocular diseases requiring lid fusion included, infective corneal ulcer/abscess in 21 cases [65.6%], shield ulcer in vernal keratoconjunctivitis in 3 cases [9.4%], facial palsy in 2 cases [6.2%], alkali burns in 2 cases [6.2%], neurotrophic ulcer in 2 cases [6.2%], Mooren ulcer in 1 case [3.1%], Grave's disease in 1 case [3.1%]. Lid fusion persisted for a mean duration of 7.6 + 4 days [range 2 -20 days]. Duration of fusion was less if skin or lashes of upper lid were fused with only skin of lower lid. But it remained for longer duration when eyelashes of both the lids were stuck together. 6 [19%] patients had a burning sensation for fraction of a second, one patient [3%] complained of gritty sensation on skin due to which she removed the Elfy. All the corneal ulcer cases had clinical improvement. Commercial glue [Elfy] is useful as a temporary measure for tarsorrhaphy